🔹Aging causes a decline in bone mineral density (BMD) and alters bone microarchitecture, leading to weakened bones. This is due to imbalances in bone remodeling, where bone resorption exceeds bone formation, influenced by factors such as decreased osteoblast activity and increased pro-inflammatory molecules.
🔹The aging process in bone cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteocytes, and osteoclasts, contributes to skeletal aging.
BMSCs experience telomere shortening and mitochondrial dysfunction, reducing their regenerative potential.
Osteocytes show decreased mechanical sensing abilities, while osteoclasts maintain bone resorption but have delayed formation, leading to bone loss.
🔹Immunoaging involves reduced immune cell production, chronic inflammation, and diminished immune responses.
🔹Impact of Aging on the Interplay Between Bone and Immune Systems:
Aging alters this communication, leading to conditions like osteoporosis and compromised immune function. The aged bone marrow environment, characterized by increased oxidative stress and inflammation, impacts immune cell production and function, further contributing to immunoaging.
🔸 Understanding the complex relationship between the immune and skeletal systems in aging is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies.
Potential interventions include immunomodulatory drugs, senolytics, antioxidants, and lifestyle modifications like exercise and diet.
These strategies aim to promote healthy aging by preserving bone and immune function.
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